Speckled Kingsnakes are a stunningly beautiful snake species. They are typically a combination of dark brown, black, and bright yellow or white spots. This striking pattern is unique to each snake, making it easy to distinguish one from another.

Speckled Kingsnakes are a non-venomous species and feed primarily on small rodents and lizards. This species is found throughout the southeastern United States and can often be spotted slithering through grassy areas and wooded forests. They are solitary and live a mostly nocturnal lifestyle.

In this article, I will cover everything you need to know about these unique and beautiful creatures.

General Information

Speckled Kingsnakes are members of the Colubridae family, whose scientific name is Lampropeltis getula holbrooki. They’re endemic to the southeastern United States and can be found in parts of Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and South Carolina. 

These snakes are among the most recognizable North American species due to their striking pattern and vibrant colors. Unfortunately, they are a threatened species in Iowa.

Appearance & Morphs

The base color of Speckled Kingsnake is typically black or dark brown and is highlighted with yellow or white spots that range in size and shape. 

Some specimens have stripes running along the body, while others have a more patterned appearance. There are several different morphs of this kingsnake:

• Ghost morph – a predominantly white body with black spots.
• Lavender morph – a light purple coloration with deep purple and black spots.
• Albino – an all-white snake with red eyes.

Size

The size of the speckled kingsnake mostly depends on age. They typically reach sexual maturity after about two years, and this is often when they’re the largest. 

Hatchlings are usually about 8 inches (20 cm), whereas adults are 36-48 inches (91-122 cm) long on average. The largest recorded individual measured 72 inches (183 cm). 

Lifespan

The life expectancy of a Speckled Kingsnake in captivity is around 10-20 years. However, the upper end of that range can be extended up to 25 years with proper care. Their lifespan is significantly shorter in the wild due to predation and competition for resources.

Care

Caring for Speckled Kingsnakes is relatively straightforward. They should have an appropriate enclosure, a thermostat-controlled heating system, and a regular diet.

They should also be given access to water for soaking in and humidity and lighting. You should handle them regularly to ensure proper socialization and build trust.

Shedding

Speckled Kingsnakes shed their skin regularly, usually once every few months. The snake will become dull during the shedding process, and the scales may turn white or pale. 

When you notice signs of shedding, ensure the snake has proper access to humidity. You can do this by providing them with a humid hide box filled with damp sphagnum moss or a moist paper towel. This will help keep their skin soft and pliable during the shedding process. 

After shedding, the snake will rub against rough surfaces to remove the old skin from its body. Check your snake to ensure that all the skin has been shed before returning it to its enclosure. Eye caps may remain attached to the skin and cause vision problems if left un-shed.

Hibernation

Speckled Kingsnakes usually enter a hibernation period during the winter months, though this can vary depending on where they are located. Snakes in colder regions typically hibernate from October to March, while those in warmer regions only enter a short torpor during the winter. 

When preparing them for hibernation, you should feed them for at least a month before reducing their feeding gradually. The enclosure should be kept cool, and the lights should be turned off to simulate natural conditions. Once the hibernation period has ended, gradually increase the temperature and lighting in the enclosure to help them slowly wake up.

Housing

Speckled Kingsnakes should be provided with an appropriately-sized enclosure. A baby snake can be housed in a 20-gallon (76-liter) terrarium, while an adult snake needs a 40-gallon (151-liter) terrarium. 

Provide them with plenty of hiding spots, as they are shy animals that prefer to stay out of sight. Live plants, branches, and cork bark can be used to decorate the enclosure. Sand or coconut husk can also be used as a substrate to provide grip and help with shedding. 

Enclosure

The enclosure for this snake should be large enough to accommodate its size. Adults typically require an enclosure of at least 36 x 18 x 16 inches (91 x 45 x 40 cm).

The enclosure should also be escape-proof and well-ventilated. It should have a secure lid to prevent the snake from escaping and provide enough space for equipment such as a thermostat-controlled heating system, hides, and water dish.

Aspen shaving and newspaper can be used as a substrate, while live plants, branches, and cork bark can be used to decorate the enclosure.

Heating

Speckled Kingsnakes require a temperature gradient of 84-90 degrees Fahrenheit (29-32 degrees Celsius) and a night temperature of 68-75 degrees Fahrenheit (20-24 degrees Celsius) with a basking spot of up to 88 degrees Fahrenheit (31 degrees Celsius). 

You can maintain these temperatures using a thermostat-controlled heating system, such as an under-tank heater or radiant heat panel. Position the heating system on one side of the enclosure to create a temperature gradient. Monitor the temperature in the enclosure, ideally with a digital thermometer, to ensure it doesn’t get too hot or cold.

Lighting

Your Speckled Kingsnake’s habitat should offer a day and night cycle. Aim for 12-14 hours of light per day, as this mimics their natural environment. You can use natural and artificial light sources, such as UVA/UVB bulbs or LED lights. 

You can use ultraviolet light during the day to provide your snake with UVB rays and natural daylight. This will also help regulate their circadian rhythm and improve their mood.

At night, you should give your snake a red or pink light. This will give them dim light without disturbing their sleep.

Humidity

Your Speckled Kingsnake’s enclosure should have a humidity level of 50-60%. You can achieve this by misting the enclosure once or twice a day. You should also ensure a water dish is always available to help maintain optimal humidity levels.

Check the humidity level regularly, as high humidity levels can lead to skin infections and respiratory problems.

Diet

The ideal diet of a Speckled Kingsnake is mice and lizards, but you can also feed them various insects, such as crickets or mealworms. If these aren’t readily available, you can feed them frogs, birds, small mammals, and other snakes.

All food items should be appropriately sized for the snake and no larger than the width of its head.

Water

These snakes always need access to a large water bowl to keep them hydrated. The bowl should be large enough for the snake to soak in if desired.

Check the water bowl regularly and clean it as needed. Regularly cleaning the bowl is particularly important. It prevents the growth of bacteria and fungi, which can cause health problems for your snake.

Health Issues

Speckled Kingsnakes are generally very hardy creatures. However, they aren’t immune to health issues such as mouth rot, scale rot, and respiratory problems. 

Always look for any signs of illness, such as weight loss, changes in behavior, or visible lumps. If you notice anything unusual, take your snake to a reptile veterinarian as soon as possible. 

Behavior & Temperament

Speckled Kingsnakes are usually docile and non-aggressive, making them great pets for snake enthusiasts of all ages. They tend to be nocturnal during the summer but diurnal in spring and fall.

Since they’re ground-dwellers, they usually stay close to the ground and won’t climb much. They’re also quite shy, so they may get nervous around new people and avoid human contact. That’s why you need to provide them with a terrarium that gives them plenty of places to hide and explore.

These snakes also have a great sense of smell and like to investigate anything new in their environment. They may vibrate their tails, defecate, or even musk (spraying a foul-smelling liquid from their cloaca) if they feel threatened.

Handling

Speckled kingsnakes should be cautiously handled even though they’re generally gentle and docile. I highly recommend letting the snake get used to you before attempting any handling.

You should never grab a Speckled Kingsnake by the tail, as this can cause serious injury. Instead, scoop them up from underneath their body with both hands, keeping a firm yet gentle grip.

Wear gloves when picking them up; they may bite if they feel threatened. Also, move slowly and calmly, avoiding loud noises. Loud noises and sudden movements could startle them and cause them to become defensive. 

Lastly, don’t handle these snakes in places that may be too hot or cold, and ensure you wash your hands before and after.

Speckled Kingsnakes FAQs

Can You Train Specked Kingsnakes?

Speckled Kingsnakes aren’t easy to train, but it’s possible with a lot of patience and persistence. Start by getting the snake used to your presence and offering them treats when they do something you want them to.

You can also use positive reinforcement techniques such as a clicker or reward-based training. Keep training sessions short and positive, as snakes can get easily stressed or bored.

How Much Does a Speckled Kingsnake Cost?

Baby Speckled Kingsnakes cost $100-$200, while adult kingsnakes can cost anywhere from $200-$300. What you pay depends largely on the snake morph, age, and where you buy.

Final Thoughts

The Speckled Kingsnake is an interesting species of snake that can make a great pet for experienced and beginner reptile enthusiasts. They’re relatively hardy and don’t require much maintenance besides regular handling and habitat cleaning. 

If you’re looking for an unusual pet that’s intelligent and curious, the Speckled Kingsnake may be the perfect companion. Be sure to research and find a reputable breeder before bringing one home.